Prescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs - 1510 Words

Prescription Drug Abuse Prescription drug abuse is the use of prescription drugs in the incorrect manner, whether it’s taking a larger dose, taking someone else’s drugs, injecting or snorting them, or simply using them to get high. The three types of drugs that are most abused are opioid painkillers, sedatives or anti-anxiety medication and simulants. Opioids are the most commonly used simply because they are easy to obtain. One of the seven deadly sins is pleasure without conscience. The abuse of prescription drugs is a direct reflection of this teaching. People destroy their bodies, life and relationships around them. Too many people are dying and abusing prescription drugs each year; creating informative programs in and out of school†¦show more content†¦Any young person in college or high school has the opportunity of purchasing these drugs illegally from someone who’s just trying to make a little money. They could care less about how it could affect his or her wellbeing. Prescription drug abuse can lead to addiction, over dose or even death. More and more people are dying each day from drug overdoses. The use of the prescription drugs in the wrong manner can result in several different life altering side affects. Between the three main types of prescription drugs used the side affect can range from repertory failure, seizures, brain damage, extreme weight loss or even death. Our bodies were not designed to take these drugs in such a way. The body becomes dependent on the drugs and withdraws cause serious and painful side affects. The brain creates certain chemicals to help us deal with pain whether it’s mental or physical, and the abuse of prescription drug throws everything out of whack. It’s ironic how something that is designed to help us can also destroy us. (Prescription) Once prescription drugs become too hard to find and too expensive for most people they turn to heroin. Why heroin? Heroin is much cheaper and is just as easy to find. It can satisfy one just as the prescription drugs did. Heroin can be smoked or inject, but most teens stick to smoking the drug. The use of heroin has almost doubled because,

Borderline Personality Disorder ( Bpd ) - 1136 Words

The Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB-R) was designed to reliably diagnose Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). It is not a global diagnostic assessment. Rather, the purpose of the DIB-R is to distinguish Borderline Personality Disorder from other clinical diagnoses (Gunderson, Kolb, Austin, 1981). Development John Gunderson, M.D. and Jonathon Kolb, M.D developed the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines (DIB) in 1976 (Hurt, Clarkin, Koenigsberg, Frances, Nurnberg, 1986). The purpose of the DIB was to address the diagnostic issues associated with Borderline Personality Disorder by developing reliable, uniform diagnostic criteria (Gunderson et al., 1981). In fact, the DIB was used to establish the DSM-III diagnostic†¦show more content†¦Based on studies showing that the social adaptation section did little to boost the discriminant power of the DIB, it was excluded from the revision (Zanarini et al., 1989). Reworking the psychosis section further modified the DIB. In the revision, the psychosis section was now called the cognition section. This section was changed to include not only psychotic thoughts, but those that would be considered disturbed though nonpsychotic. The third modification to the DIB changed the scale weight of several sections in the interview. Stud ies showed that the impulse action patterns section and the interpersonal relations section had more discriminant power than the affect section and the cognition section so the scaled weighting was adjusted accordingly (Gunderson et al., 1981). In yet another modification to the DIB, the reference time frame for all questions in the interview was changed to the past two years of the client’s life. In the DIB, the reference time frame for the interview questions ranged from 3 months to 3 years. This change allowed the instrument to more accurately distinguish trait phenomena (Zanarini et al., 1989). The revised DIB saw three summary statements transferred to sections that were more fitting. This change moved â€Å"demanding, entitled behavior† from the affect section to the interpersonal relationship section (Zanarini et al., 1989). It also moved â€Å"chronic feelings of helplessness/guilt† from the cognitions section to the

The Parallax 2 Future Sequence(2012) by Between The Buried and Me free essay sample

The last album I have to review before their new album comes out, lets do this. Future Sequence is the sequel to the Parallax Ep including 75 minutes of one epic space adventure. In fact, you could actually get a spacesuit for your purchase of the album, but Im not sure if thats still going so dont get your hopes up. Anyways, 12 tracks of awesome are all fit into one neat little story revolving around Prospect 2(the one on the Red Planet) who attempts to destroy Prospect 1`s planet with the help of the Night Owls. With songs like Astral Bodies and Lay Your Ghost To Rest, that setting is set up perfectly. The 15 minute track Silent Flight Parliament also is a good way to finish off the story. The track Extromotphile Elite also shares a tube from the previous album(Walking Into a certain state of confusion) but slightly different here. We will write a custom essay sample on The Parallax 2: Future Sequence(2012) by Between The Buried and Me or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They went all out with this one even including transition tracks in here as well. My favorites are Telos, Bloom, and Lay Your Ghost To Rest though. I see no flaws in this at all but if you do, thats on you. All I can say is, wow! I must give this a 10/10. Thus concludes the discography reviews, at least for now. I am the Grim Reaper, signing off.

Duffys Poem Essay Example For Students

Duffys Poem Essay Duffys Poem, Valentine, is a thought provoking and interesting poem, in which an onion is used in the form of an extended metaphor to symbolise true love, in an unconventional, non-romantic way. The reader is subjected to a different approach to love, whereby, he is made to understand the parallelism between a mundane cooking ingredient and a Valentines Day gift. The title, valentine, has jovial connotations associated with it, but judging from the word choice, viewpoint (voice) and pace of the poem, the reader is led to believe that Duffy assumes that an object of obscurity, such as an onion can also have happy connotations. I give you an onion. Its fierce kiss will stay on your lips, possessive and faithful as we are, for as long as we are. Duffy has also used words which make the message ambiguous as the reader does not really know how serious Duffy is about an onion being a Valentines Day gift or whether she uses an onion as a object of effective comparison or she is frustrated with the idea of love and relationships. The whole expression of thought does help her in successfully achieving a gloomy and sedate mood and help the reader to interpret her work better. The use of diction and word choice in the poem is an effective device that Duffy uses to express the mood in the poem and aid the reader to understand the poems deeper message, while influencing the readers understanding of the theme from her viewpoint. The title valentine, is associated with loved ones, and the use of the title seems ironical, as the reader, from the beginning of the poem thinks that the poem is about a happy memory of a loved one, but is taken aback by the first line Not a red rose or a satin heart. I give you an onion. she expresses that she gifts an onion, which is unheard of, as it is mundane. The reader here is a little confused, typically on valentines day, a red rose or a satin heart is ideal and very popular, however the use of the word Not suggests that this poem does not comply with the traditional romantic beliefs. The use of onion itself is very thought provoking, and the reader will be confused at this point and wonder what the poem is actually about and why Carol Ann Duffy has adopted such a strong dislike for her loved one. The explanation she provides for using the onion is very simplistic, however, its associations with the loved ones shows the level of thought that was put into the work. She uses the moon to compare the onion with, and expresses how giving an onion is a non-materialistic gift unlike the gifts that people give nowadays. To express the simplicity of the gift, she adds wrapped in brown paper which shows the reader the simplicity of thought. We know here that she probably believes in a non-romantic love, but appreciates the purity and the deeper emotions of love. The reader would probably appreciate the purity in her love, but would not understand it, as today we live in a fast and materialistic world. The words Here, Take it and Lethal all followed by a full stop suggests that Duffy is emphasising the fact that she wants to give the gift and she is serious about it. Through these words the reader in the poem (the lover) is forced to accept the honesty in her love and appreciate it, however the reader is foxed by this unconventional gift. It will blind you with tears like a lover. is a simile which suggests that a lover, like an onion can make a person cry. .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 , .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .postImageUrl , .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 , .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:hover , .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:visited , .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:active { border:0!important; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:active , .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5 .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u785460b85ac8199fab8ebb35bbb5e4f5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Our exploration using Drama EssayIt is known that people tear while cutting onions, which Duffy uses in her poem to compare it to a lover. The reader through this example realises the striking resemblance between an onion and a lover. it becomes clearer and more apparent that Duffy is serious that an Onion should be considered as a gift. She conveys that stereotypical gifts are strictly commercial and do not give a true account of what love is actually about. She then goes on to tell of her gift of an onion. She says it promises light like the careful undressing of love. possibly to further state its importance and suggest that love, like an onion, has layers and there may be underlying depths. Mid way through the poem she describes how the onion will make your reflection a wobbling photo of grief. This illustrates how Duffy believes that love overwhelms and becomes part of us. It is seen in our reflection. She also conveys how love is not always happy but can turn sour and cause heartache and pain. The effect of these descriptions on the reader makes him slowly realise how, the onions fierce kiss and its scent are long lasting, unlike that of a lover. Overall through the use of appropriate word choice, a formal, yet moderately persuasive tone, she conveys to the reader that an onion is perfect gift and sets the mood a strong poem and leaves the reader in thought. In this poem, Duffy writes in free verse, with short and long sentences, exploring her ideas of unconventional, long lasting love and makes the reader understand true love in a non-romantic way, which is completely pure in its nature. The reader in made to indulge in the poem because of the use first person, I will give you an onion almost as though a true account is being portrayed, however the use of future tense shows that the event is about to happen, rather than an experience being retold. Many images of reactions occur to the reader as he imagines the lover being presented with an onion, and the reactions of the lover are not conveyed in this poetry leaving it to the discretion of the reader. The poets viewpoints about the subject throughout the poem are constant through the repetitions of I will give you an onion; this is probably a connotation of unconditional, unwavering, true love. This helps in presenting a constant serious mood, whereby Duffy successfully attracts the readers attention, the repetition especially emphasises on the nature of the love. The repeated phrase here is unaltered and does not contribute to the rhythm, but it maintains a strong and serious mood for the poem. The pace Duffy uses is a slow one, so that each word is clearly understood and the readers stops and contemplates the connotation of each word. Duffy uses mainly end stop lines and a few enjambments to ensure that the pace of the poem is slow to maintain a constant mood. The line lengths are varied, with many short lines, a few one word sentences and a few long sentences. The use of Here and Lethal as one word sentences suggests that these words are of prime importance. The reader is made to understand that Duffy means to present an onion seriously after reading here. Lethal is used to describe the onions scent. The long sentence Its platinum loops shrink to a wedding-ring, if you like. has many connotations to it suggesting that an onion has many layers, just like a love, and once the inner most layer has been discovered, and passionate love is found in a soul mate, people get married. The other lines are fairly short, about 4-5 words per line showing that her ideas are concise and well thought of. This affects the pace, the reader reads the poem slowly, as though grasping each word, and Duffy uses this to create a serious mood. She also uses two enjambments to allow some freedom of thought is replicating the free loving nature of true and unconditional love. .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 , .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .postImageUrl , .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 , .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:hover , .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:visited , .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:active { border:0!important; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:active , .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6 .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u70e4280a77009790306091a10d4e64b6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Inspector Calls EssayIn conclusion, Duffy has effectively conveyed an important message to the readers through simple but thought provoking writing and she sustained the readers interest by creating a serious atmosphere and allowed the reader to infer for himself the implications of an onion as a Valentines Day gift and its effectiveness as one. Clearly she expressed her views against stereotypical gifts and their commercial nature, by showing her readers how simple love can be.

Effective Guidelines for Writing an Excuse Letter Essay Example

Effective Guidelines for Writing an Excuse Letter Paper Generally, excuse letters are written when students miss their classes/schools or when company employees take a leave without informing their employer. This letter provides an explanation of their leave or the reason why they miss the school. The absence of an employee or a student can be because of numerous personal reasons. For instance, the person took a leave because of illness or they simply got tired of going through same tedious routine and wanted to take an intentional break from work. At some point in your life, you also have to turn in an excuse letter to the school or company to explain them the reason of your intentional leave. Although excuse letters are mostly given after the leave has taken place but sometimes it can also be given before taking the voluntary absence. In case if a student has taken an intentional leave and asked to submit an excuse letter, then usually their guardians will have to compose a brief and to the point absence note which passes on their reason for the absence to the principal. If the person has taken a leave because of a prolonged illness, then a doctor’s medical certificate would suffice for an absence note. Importance of an Excuse Letter We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Guidelines for Writing an Excuse Letter specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Guidelines for Writing an Excuse Letter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Guidelines for Writing an Excuse Letter specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Writing an excuse letter is a very important job as it reflects the commitment of the individual to the job and show that they are devoted to fulfilling their professional life responsibilities. Moreover, it also signifies that the individual comprehends the importance of time and is committed to completing his/her pending tasks. An excuse letter clearly indicates to the recipient the earnestness and commitment of the individual to his/her work. Let us see some effective guidelines that will definitely help you with writing a professional excuse letter. Guidelines of Writing an Excuse Letter Composing an excuse letter is a task that should not be taken lightly. The letter should be an appealing one and it should also give a professional look. Excuse letters should be printed on clean and good quality papers. Start your excuse letter by mentioning the proper date. Just like any other letter, the name of the sender and the recipient is mentioned on the left hand side of the excuse letter. The name of the recipient, the person to whom the letter is being sent, will be written right after writing the date. For instance, April 12, 2013 To, Mr. Anderson, or The Principal In case if the excuse letter is intended to send to the principal of the school, the name of the guardian or sender will be mentioned unless the student is above 18 years old. Although it is not necessary but you may write a heading or a subject that mentions what the letter is about. Once the upper section of the letter is finished, come to the body of the letter. Remember that excuse letters are succinct, therefore, do not write the whole story instead mention only the reason of the absence in a line or two. Conclude the excuse letter with something like yours truly or yours sincerely.

Free Essays on Plato Apology

The Life of Socrates I. Socrates The most interesting and influential thinker in the fifth century was Socrates, whose dedication to careful reasoning transformed the entire enterprise. Since he sought genuine knowledge rather than mere victory over an opponent, He familiarized himself with the rhetoric and dialectics of the Sophists, the speculations of the Lonian philosophers, and the general culture of Periclean Athens. Socrates employed the same logical tricks developed by the Sophists to a new purpose, the pursuit of truth. Thus, his willingness to call everything into question and his determination to accept nothing less than an adequate account of the nature of things make him the first clear exponent of critical philosophy. Although he was well known during his own time for his conversational skills and public teaching, Socrates wrote nothing, so we are dependent upon his students (especially Kenophon and Plato) for any detailed knowledge of his methods and results. The trouble is that Plato was himself a philosopher who often injected his own theories into the dialogues he presented to the world as discussions between Socrates and other famous figures of the day. Nevertheless, it is usually assumed that at least the early dialogues of Plato provide a (fairly) accurate representation of Socrates himself. Socrates profoundly affected Western philosophy through his influence on Plato. Born in Athens, the son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and Phaenarete, a midwife, he received the regular elementary education in literature, music, and gymnastics. Initially, Socrates followed the craft of his father; according to a former tradition, he executed a statue group of the three Graces, which stood at the entrance to the Acropolis until the 2nd century AD. In the Peloponnesian War with Sparta he served as an infantryman with conspicuous bravery at the battles of Potidaea in 432-430BC, Delium in 424BC, and Amphipolis in 422BC. ... Free Essays on Plato Apology Free Essays on Plato Apology The Life of Socrates I. Socrates The most interesting and influential thinker in the fifth century was Socrates, whose dedication to careful reasoning transformed the entire enterprise. Since he sought genuine knowledge rather than mere victory over an opponent, He familiarized himself with the rhetoric and dialectics of the Sophists, the speculations of the Lonian philosophers, and the general culture of Periclean Athens. Socrates employed the same logical tricks developed by the Sophists to a new purpose, the pursuit of truth. Thus, his willingness to call everything into question and his determination to accept nothing less than an adequate account of the nature of things make him the first clear exponent of critical philosophy. Although he was well known during his own time for his conversational skills and public teaching, Socrates wrote nothing, so we are dependent upon his students (especially Kenophon and Plato) for any detailed knowledge of his methods and results. The trouble is that Plato was himself a philosopher who often injected his own theories into the dialogues he presented to the world as discussions between Socrates and other famous figures of the day. Nevertheless, it is usually assumed that at least the early dialogues of Plato provide a (fairly) accurate representation of Socrates himself. Socrates profoundly affected Western philosophy through his influence on Plato. Born in Athens, the son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and Phaenarete, a midwife, he received the regular elementary education in literature, music, and gymnastics. Initially, Socrates followed the craft of his father; according to a former tradition, he executed a statue group of the three Graces, which stood at the entrance to the Acropolis until the 2nd century AD. In the Peloponnesian War with Sparta he served as an infantryman with conspicuous bravery at the battles of Potidaea in 432-430BC, Delium in 424BC, and Amphipolis in 422BC. ...

Issues of Our TimesInternational Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issues of Our TimesInternational - Essay Example Information from the CQ Researcher online database, from Leda Hartman’s article shows that sectarian conflicts between the two groups are almost as old as the religion itself. Centuries ago, in most countries, the two groups co-existed in peace, but this soon changed into a full-scale violence during last year’s democracy movement in the Arab spring and when the U.S invaded Iraq. According to Cornell, there are up to 85-90% of Sunni Muslims in the world and 10-15% of Shiite Muslims.ii Most Shiites live in many parts of the world but majority of them can be found in countries such as Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Afghanistan and Iran among others. It is important to note that the Shiite Muslims in these countries are either the majority or a minority group with a lot of influence on powerful political positions, or none at all. The Sunnis, on the other hand are many, with large populations in countries such as India, North African states such as Libya, Egypt and Morocco. The situation between the Sunni and Shiite Muslims is not only about theology and history as previously mentioned in the introduction, but also about competition for power, a lot of privilege in some politicians from either of the group also intensifies the distrust and hostility. In page 114 of Cornell’s book, the sectarian division between the Sunnis and Shiites has taken very many centuries to develop. When Prophet Mohammad died, there was a problem among the young Muslims in regard to the one to succeed the Prophet.iii Disagreements emerged in the community eventually, resulting to these two groups. Additionally, the disagreement between the two groups soon developed into divisions related to politics, the ritual practices and theological doctrines. Hence, the two have always had different views leading to hostility, open conflicts and coexistence in other instances.iv In the

Lab report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Lab Report Example They reported seeing a man in jeans, trainers and a T-shirt running away from the house, down Leek Road. The police were informed and responded immediately. The back door of the house had been broken and the sunroof of the VW Polo. Paint and glass of both the car and the property had been damaged. Both of them were damaged so as to allow entry in the property. The police later arrested a suspect who matched the description of the neighbors, two streets away. His clothes were taken for further analysis in the laboratory. This is because clothes might have had contact with the broken glass and damaged paint; hence some of them might have been left on the clothes. The control samples from the broken glass and damaged paint were taken for analysis. The aims of this experiment included to investigate whether the debris recovered from Mark’s clothes had any fragments of glass and paint from the damaged property. The experiment was also meant to determine any kind of relationship between the recovered materials/fragments from the suspect’s clothes with the control samples collected; broken glass of the back door and the damaged paint of the VW sunroof. The final aim of the experiment was to discover any evidence that showed or qualified Mark Jones and the perpetrator of the crime in question. 1. Preparation work: Several petri dishes had been provided that contained the debris from the suspect’s clothes. The contents were observed and described, while the observations were recorded on the results sheet. The identity of each of them was also suggested. Low power microscopy was used to view the contents, while much attention was paid to any presence of glass and paint. The observations were also recorded, and the magnification used. 2. Physical Examination of Evidence: The suspect items were collected carefully, and a physical examination was done as the observations were recorded on the results sheet.

Knowledge partner-VP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Knowledge partner-VP - Essay Example Besides, this is the people who gave their assistance from the Island to develop their vision, and have the same vision with Lab Vlieland. Moreover, Lab Vlieland provides municipality the information. However, the move is to make value proposition. That is; if one needs to earn extra money, one need to understand correctly customer’s demands. The producer or the company should have adequate information on what the customer will be getting as well as what the customer will be willing to pay. Moreover, the organization should be able to analyze who is this person to pay for the network and to be in the inner cycle. Ecological stability, Economic security are also factors that will enable one to understand clearly their customer. Therefore, Suitability is an act of trying to find people in who are willing to want to finance and participate in the project. Moreover, they should be able to share the dream of a community that is about energy independence. However, with sustainable energy, they will be able to earn more income in any particular period. The project is all about generating the solar power field, water or sustainable energy. Time is also another major factor that needs to ensure their efficiency and effectiveness of the operations. Moreover, knowledge sharing helps speeds up the response to the right individuals with the required knowledge and skills. Therefore, time consideration will enable the firm timely identify the right personnel to partner with the business. Also, partners like Google can offer to give time instead of cash. That is; they can use their staff to help Vlieland in their presentation. They can just provide approximately 1% of their employee’s time. Pain relievers are also another thing that needs to be considered. That is; it will help describe the techniques that Vlieland’s service will able to address the challenges. There will be various challenges that the business will be expecting

Examining the impact of the Enron Corporate Scandal

Examining the impact of the Enron Corporate Scandal Enron is an energy-based company in Houston, Texas that deals with the energy trade on international and domestic based. Enron Corp. Is one of the worlds largest energy, commodities and Services Company was created out of merger of two major gas pipe line in 1985. Enron was created by merge between Houston Natural Gas and Internorth. Houstons gass CEO Kenneth lay headed the merger of the two companies. After that Kenneth lay become the CEO of Enron. Earlier Enron was Enron was solely involved with the distribution and transmission of electricity and gas of United States. In merger, Enron incurred a large amount of debt, and which resulted deregulation, after this Enron was no longer had the rights of its pipelines. The company had to find a way to generate profits and cash flow. Kenneth lay hired Jeffrey Skilling to work for Enron as an accountant. Skilling suggested the practice of buying gas from a network of suppliers and selling it to it consumers at the fixed price with a contract. Enron was interested in the expansion, building, and operation of the pipelines, power plants, and other infrastructure. After just a year of operation Enron merged with a company called spectrum seven, a company whose chairman and CEO is the former president of United States, George W. Bush After just a year of operation. In 1999, Enron tried to expand their company by creating the Azurix Corporation, a water utility company. Overall the Azurix Corporation proved unsuccessful financially. The Azurix Corporation, due to their failure to make an entrance into the market, went under. Enron allegedly became successful, trading over eight hundred different products worldwide. Enron was named Americas Most Innovative Company by Fortune magazine from 1996 to 2001. Enron was on Fortunes 100 Best Companies to work for In America in 2000. The companys future appeared to be bright and promising continued success. Enron faced many accusations of building links to political power. The companys connection to George W. Bush, and Houstons local politics has received much attention in recent past. In 1986, Enron was involved with Bushs company in joint drilling for oil. There are reports that Kenneth Lay and George W. Bush even shared friendship. Kenneth lay has employed politicians who have worked under George W. Bush also signed off on a law that deregulated Texass electrical markets, which coincidentally resulted in large profits for Enron. The company also had political links that reached outside of the United States. Enron created a massive and highly expensive power plant in India, even though many Indian citizens and the World Bank strenuously objected. Allegedly protesters in India were beaten up and arrested. The United States ambassador to India, who opposed the plant eventually, joined the board of Enron oil and gas The screws came loose in August 2001, when Jeffrey Skilling, the CEO resigned from office for unknown reasons. By October 2001, Enron experienced its first quarter where they did not report a profit. On November 8th, 2001 Enron told the SEC it was restating its earnings since 1997, reducing income by $. ENRON SCANDAL In Enrons original natural gas business, the accounting had been fairly straightforward in each time period, the company listed actual costs of supplying the gas and actual revenues received from selling it. However, when skilling joined the company, he demanded that the trading business adopt mark- to -market accounting, citing that it would reflect true economic value. Enron became the first non-financial company to use the method to account for its complex long- term contracts. Mark-to-market accounting requires that once a long-term contract was signed, income be estimated as the present value of net future cash flows. Often, the viability of these contracts and their related costs were difficult to judge .Due to large discrepancies of attempting to match profits and cash, investors were typically given false or misleading reports. While using the method, income from projects could be recorded, which increased financial earnings. However, in future years, the profits could not be included, so new and additional income had to be included from more projects to develop additional growth to appease investors. However, Enron later expanded its use to other areas in company to help it meet Wall Street projections. Here are some detailed frauds in the Enrons financial statement: Enrons auditor applied reckless standards in their audit, which was showing conflict between interests. Enron financial statement showed the booking costs of cancelled projects as assets, with the rationale that to no official letter had stated that the project was cancelled. This method was known as the snowball, and although it was initially dictated that stay under $90 million, it was later extended to $200 million where all found strange transactions. Like erratic cash flow and huge debt. Enron was estimated to have about $23billion in liabilities, both debt outstanding and guaranteed loans. Citigroup and JP Morgan Chase in particular appeared to have significant amounts to lose with Enrons fall. Additionally, many of Enrons major assets were pledged to lenders in order to secured loans, throwing into doubt what if anything unsecured creditors and eventually stockholders might receive in bankruptcy proceedings. IMPACT The collapse of Enron, the largest bankruptcy in U.S history, which led to thousands of employees losing their jobs and their life saving plans tied to the companys stock, which was calculated as 401(k). Reputation of Andersen, Enrons auditing firm, is damaged after company official admitted that thousands of Enron documents were destroyed. Those events lead to flurry of probes, including a criminal investigation by the U.S justice department of Enron .The SEC and the Labor department as well as six congressional committees-is also investigating the companys collapse. Enron officials have donated millions of dollars to Republicans and Democrats alike. At the heart of Enrons troubles were numerous outside partnerships, set up to keep debt off its books, which were reviewed by Andersen. In addition, it was revealed that Enron has paid no income taxes in four of the last five years, using almost 900 subsidiaries in tax-haven countries and other techniques. A major issue brought to light by the scandal is Andersen dual role as Enrons auditor and consultant, which critics claim is a serious conflict of interest. Andersen has been accused of over looking the huge sums of money kept off Enrons books because Enron represented a potential $100 million -a- year in fees to the auditor. Enron fired Andersen as the feuding corporations both came under growing scrutiny for their roles in the collapse of the worlds largest energy trading company. REFEENCES http://www.lawyershop.com/practice-areas/criminal-law/white-collar-crimes/securities-fraud/lawsuits/enron/ http://whatreallyhappened.com/WRHARTICLES/enron.html http://www.freeinfosociety.com/site.php?postnum=2308 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron_scandal

An Article I Wrote for the High School Paper :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

An Article I Wrote for the High School Paper Philip Emeagwali, a man of immeasurably high intelligence, spurns the description people most often attach to him: genius. "I don't like that term. People think it only means genius in the mathematical sense or that it refers to a select group of people," Emeagwali, 44, told about 50 parents last night at a public forum on schools. "But I think every one of us has the power to be a genuis. I was not born a genius; it was nurtured in me by my father." When he was 10, growing up in western Nigeria, Emeagwali was drilled daily by his father to solve 100 math problems in one hour. There was no time to write solutions on paper -- he had 36 seconds per problem. So Emeagwali did them in his head. "People later called me a mathematical genuis, but you would be a genuis, too, if you had to do 100 math problems in an hour," he said. In the last two days, the man who has been called "one of the greatest intellectual giants Africa has produced" has been taking his message -- the importance of homework, cultivating encouragement at home, and surmounting obstacles -- to a school district that has been mired in problems. Standardized test scores here sank to such lows in recent years that the state placed the district in a special monitoring program. And even as the roofs of the town's school buildings crumbled, taxes soared. Not that Emeagwali didn't have his own trials to overcome. When he was 12, Emeagwali lived underneath ceilings that crumbled from rocket shells. From 1967 to 1970, Nigeria fell into civil war, forcing schools to close. Emeagwali had finished only seventh grade. "We ate only once a day. Some days we had nothing to eat. We were among the poorest families in the world," Emeagwali told students at a high school assembly earlier in the day. "Growing up poor and overcoming several obstacles made me a stronger person. I became more determined to succeed in life." Studying on his own from 6 a.m. to midnight, Emeagwali passed entrance examinations to the University of London with top grades. In 1974, he immigrated to the United States, obtaining degrees in several subjects.

Baz Luhrmann’s Essay

How does Baz Luhrmann’s film adaptation of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† visually highlight Shakespeare’s rich language and imagery? Shakespeare’s use of language reflects the theatre of his day. There were no elaborate set designs, costumes, lighting or sound effects and there were also only a small number of actors playing many different parts. This could get confusing and therefore the language and imagery had to do all the work for the audience, as the words were the only tools available to help them imagine the scenes vividly. In the prologue of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, line number twelve; â€Å"Is now the two hours’ traffic of our stage† and the very last words; â€Å"our toil shall strive to mend†, have significant meaning. These sentences, spoken by the chorus, highlight to the audience the key plot elements to come. It gives the audience an idea of what they are about to watch or read and makes the ensuing action more intelligible. This dramatic convention therefore acts almost like a movie trailer. In Baz Luhrmann’s film adaptation of the play, the prologue begins with a long shot of a television (within a television), with a reporter speaking to us from inside of it. Behind the reporter’s left shoulder are the words â€Å"star-crossed lovers† and a symbol of a broken ring. This, in the first minute of the play, already introduces us to the fact that Romeo and Juliet are star-crossed lovers, which is a major theme throughout the entire play. The news reporter then delivers the whole prologue from beginning to end, before the camera zooms further and further in until the point of extreme close up, at which point the prologue changes. This is how Baz Luhrmann achieves a similar effect to Shakespeare’s dramatic use of the prologue. By doing this, it is almost as if we are â€Å"entering† the movie and if you do not wish to â€Å"go in† then it is your choice not to continue watching. In the second sentence of the prologue, â€Å"In fair Verona (where we lay our scene)†, Shakespeare carefully uses the positive modifier â€Å"fair† to describe the city. This emphasizes the fact that Verona is closely associated with God, therefore establishing it as a peaceful, moral city. However, this is contradicted by negative modifiers in the next sentences of the prologue, which are â€Å"From ancient grudge break to new mutiny, where civil blood makes civil hands unclean†. This brings in the fact that there is an old grudge between two families. However, with this grudge there is blood shed and constant fights, some of which draw in innocent civilians. In the movie this section of the prologue is shot from a fast-moving helicopter. There is an extreme long shot and an aerial view of Verona, which introduces us to the town. A statue of Jesus is shown, immediately followed by the words â€Å"IN FAIR VERONA†, in large, white letters. Then, for several seconds, there is jump cutting between the Jesus statue and the phrase. This is how Baz Luhrmann shows us that Verona is normally a good, religious city. This is then followed by some fast, substantial shots. We are shown two separate buildings; one which has the sign â€Å"Montague† at the top, and the other which has the sign â€Å"Capulet† on top. This introduces us to the two feuding families who are the centre of the play. In addition, a police car which says â€Å"Verona Police† is filmed. All of these key points visually highlight Shakespeare’s imagery and language. The police car is an indication of the violence to come that is caused by the feud and upsets the normal, peaceful status quo. The first six lines of the prologue are essentially the most important in establishing the plot – for example lines three and four from the prologue: â€Å"from ancient grudge break to new mutiny† and â€Å"where civil blood makes civil hands unclean†. Luhrmann usually emphasises these points with newspaper headlines shown in the movie with those exact sentences on them. These lines of the prologue are also heard as the voice-over of the Friar. Jump cutting is used to move from headline to headline and the newspapers are shot in extreme close up, surrounded by flames of fire. With each sentence of the prologue that is said, an accompanying image is shown on the screen with it. These include violent images such as police cars and police helicopters. Overall, expressive lighting is used in the film, to add even greater intensity to the conflict between peace and war in Verona. This, along with words such as â€Å"death†, â€Å"rage† and â€Å"blood†, really start to show the dark side of the plot and ironically contrasts with Verona being described as a â€Å"fair† city previously. Next, line ten of the prologue, â€Å"the continuance of their parents’ rage†, establishes the fact that the grudge between the families is a long-standing ordeal. This is represented in the movie with a montage, showing the many magazines which talk about the hatred of the two families. Line five in the prologue, â€Å"from forth the fatal loins of these two foes†, aims to introduce the parents of Romeo and Juliet and in fact the two main characters themselves. Therefore, at this point, Baz Lurhmann shows a short clip of each significant actor in the movie. This is followed by a freeze frame on them, with the name of their character and any outstanding relationships he or she might have with other characters. The freeze frames are extremely close up on the characters’ faces and it sets the scene for the rest of the movie, so we know who to look out for. This is also an opportunity for Baz Luhrmann to give some limited information about the characters’ status. He does so by filming Montague and Capulet at a slightly lower angle than the others, making them appear more intimidating than the rest. This is how he effectively shows that they are the heads of the two households. In lines six and nine of the prologue, Shakespeare uses such phrases as â€Å"star-crossed† and â€Å"death-marked† to describe Romeo and Juliet’s love. First of all, â€Å"love† and â€Å"death† are oxymoronic and are not commonly found together in the same sentence. Secondly, â€Å"star-crossed† implies that they have no control over their love. It implies that Fate is in control and the minute they fell in love both were destined to die. In the film during this time, loud, fast and rising operatic music is played. This is incidental music significantly increases the level of tension and drama in the prologue. This is therefore appropriate for trying to emphasize the fact of the couple’s fated love. What Baz Luhrmann does here is basically pull the whole prologue together. Proceeding this, after the prologue has been explained, Baz Luhrmann tries to increase the level of suspense even further, to truly point out the violence and the tragic ending of the play. Therefore what he does, with the opera music still playing, is show most of the prologue on the screen in writing. Jump cutting is used between each sentence, but it is barely readable since the editing is at such a high speed, so the prologue is literally flashing before your eyes. Afterwards, Baz Luhrmann shows snippets from the entire movie to the audience. Jump cutting is used and the images flash at a very high speed before you. He goes from the end to the beginning of the movie, and what he achieves is, in a sense, a visual prologue! At the very end of the prologue, the title â€Å"Romeo + Juliet† comes up and the ‘plus’ sign is actually made to suggest a Christian cross. This subtly reminds us of the religious side of the play. This includes the Friar, who is a religious personage, the wedding that Romeo and Juliet have and also the whole theme of destiny and some divinity or higher power looking over and controlling us in life. So in conclusion, this is how Baz Luhrmann’s film adaptation of the prologue from â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† successfully visually highlights Shakespeare’s rich language and imagery. We can see how he has gone through the prologue and then fairly systematically translated its deeper meaning, in remarkably creative ways. He effectively translates all the messages of the prologue in a contemporary and entertaining context.

Schindler essays

Schindler essays The Movie, Schindlers List, consist of a German profiteer name Oskar Schindler who, because of his kindness and great courage, saved more than 1,000 Jews form death in the Holocaust. Oskar Schindler was announced a hero because he repeatedly risked his life to save the lives of many Jews. Oskar Schindler's first motive was to become rich and a center figure in the Nazi regime. Then as he progresses, he though about the Jews and he becomes very sympathetic to the Jews. So he spends all of his profits to hire more Jewish workers. At the end, he was comparing the price of the pin to how many more people he could save. He has made a drastic change; he saved over a thousand Jews. Schindlers act of kindness saved many lives on a daily basis. It was very dangerous to interfere with the Nazis Jews, but Schindler did it repeatedly. Often he would say stop killing my good workers. Weve got a war to win! One women who has been forced into slave labor at the age of ten, recalled that she was about to be shot by an SS guard for breaking a machine used to make bullet casing. Schindler saved her life by telling the guard How can this little girl break a huge machine like that? The Jews cared and loved their family with all there hearts. They would do anything just to keep close with their family. Like the children that were separated from their parents, they would risk their lives just to remain and be with there ...

Arthur Zimmermann - Profile

Arthur Zimmermann - Profile Arthur Zimmerman worked as the German Foreign Secretary during 1916-17 (mid World War 1), during which time he sent the Zimmermann Note / Telegram, a document whose clumsy diplomacy (trying to trigger a Mexican invasion of the US) contributed to America’s entry into the war and earned Zimmerman lasting infamy as a hapless failure. Born 5 October 1864, Died 6 June 1940. Early Career Born in 1864 Marggrabowa, East Prussia (now called Olecko and in Poland), Arthur Zimmermann followed a career in the German civil service, moving to the diplomatic branch in 1905. By 1913 he had a major role thanks partly to the Foreign Secretary, Gottlieb von Jagow, who left much of the face to face negotiations and meetings to Zimmermann. Indeed, Arthur was acting as Foreign Secretary alongside German Emperor Wilhelm II and Chancellor Bethmann Hollweg in 1914 when the decision to support Austria-Hungary against Serbia, and thus Russia, and thus enter into the First World War, was taken. Zimmermann himself drafted the telegram giving notice of Germanys commitment. Soon most of Europe was fighting each other, and hundreds of thousands were being killed. Germany, in the middle of it all, managed to stay afloat. Arguments Over Submarine Strategy Jagow remained Foreign Secretary until the middle of 1916, when he resigned in protest at the governments decision to resume unrestricted submarine warfare, which was likely to provoke a US declaration of war against Germany. This style of warfare involved using submarines to attack any and all shipping they found, whether or not it appeared to be from neutral nations (although American was using an odd sort of neutrality at the best of times), and one major target was US civilian and shipping craft. The US had warned earlier in the war that such tactics might induce it to fight Germany.Zimmermann was appointed his replacement on November 25, thanks partly to his talents, but mainly to his complete support of the military rulers – Hindenburg and Ludendorff – and the submarine policy, which was now going to going ahead. Reacting to the threat from America, Zimmermann proposed an alliance with both Mexico and Japan to create a ground war on US soil. However, the telegram of instructions he sent to his Mexican ambassador in March 1917 was intercepted by the British (not entirely honourably, but there was   a war on) and passed onto the US for maximum effect: it became known as the Zimmermann Note, severely embarrassed Germany and contributed to the American publics support for war. They were, as you might imagine, angered by Germany trying to bring bloodshed to their own country, and were now keener on exporting some of their own in return. A Lack of Denials For reasons that still baffle political spokesmen, Zimmermann publicly admitted to the telegram’s authenticity. Zimmermann remained Foreign Secretary for a few more months, until he retired from government in the August of 1917 (largely because there wasnt a job for him anymore). He lived until 1940 and died with Germany again at war, his career overshadowed by one short communication.

Sport Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sport Management - Essay Example So when he plays the game, supported by his performance, is the behavior which results in him scoring a basket or not. Then the outcome of the scoring is the consequence which makes him happy. His happiness is his satisfaction, which gives him inner peace. Other congratulate him and he is proud of himself for which he is given the feedback of performing in the same spirit again. (Lussier et al., 2008) As far as sports are concerned, the best motivation tool for a sports man is self-interest. Without that hardly any sportsman succeeds to keep moving in the long run. Sports are a passion for most, but dies with time due to physical exhaustion and other de-motivating factors. But when the tool of self-interest steps in which asks them the basic question of ‘what is in it for me’, they reconsider. This is one of the basic and most important aspects of motivation which means creating win win situations. Expectations also play a vital role for a sportsman. If he/she is confident, optimistic and positive about his role and performance in a game, he/she is most likely to be motivated within him. Such a person would perform in his best capacity expecting productive outcomes for him and his team. (Peak Performance, 2011) A study by Pat Riley, the current coach of Miami Heat and ex-coach of New York Knicks, showed a simple method on how a failure can be turned into a success and how to motivate sportsmen in his book ‘The Winner Within’. An important and easy way to motivate any sportsman can be convincing him to watch his own success performance. Recording the success in sport and then watching it again will motivate him to improve further in his game. If he realized a mistake he will try to avoid it in the next game and turn it around for a greater performance. (Riley, 2007) Motivation can be intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic is more from within one and the goals are smart,

Chapter Summary - Student Aid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Chapter Summary - Student Aid - Essay Example The cost of college has nearly doubled over the past 20 years, in inflation-adjusted dollars, and college tuition and fees have risen faster than inflation, personal income, consumer prices or even the cost of prescription drugs and health insurance. (2010: 2) The author, based on her in-depth research, also submits to state that the students belonging to lower stratum of society of the USA have far higher percentage of completing their graduation in comparison with those of the middle and higher strata. But the governmental funds and scholarships, once granted to the students on the basis of financial position, have been attached with the grades and scores students get in studies. Hence, the scholarships are divided among the students of all classes, which have accelerated the financial miseries of the students belonging to the lower classes. Though granting of scholarships on the basis of performance in studies is a very healthy trend, but it deprives the financially poor students of the financial support necessary for the completion of their studies. Since they are unable to support themselves, they seek help from different sources. Consequently, private financing companies and organizations are offering their services against heavy in terests, and provide the students with study loans, which become almost impossible to pay by the students. It is therefore instead of deducting the amount of merit based scholarship from the need based one, separate funds must be allocated for the students displaying extraordinary performance in academics and sports. Merit-aid, Clemmitt views, may create heavier loan burdens for low-income students. The University of Maryland recently discovered that low-income students were graduating with more debt than middle and high income students and concluded that its grant program which had 60 percent merit-based awards. (2010: 4) As a result,

Ethics and the digital divide and what should I as a security Research Paper

Ethics and the digital divide and what should I as a security professional be concerned with - Research Paper Example 5). Due to this, information can be easily misused and important ethics breached with little restriction. Thus, there is the need for controls and ethics to reduce challenges to information security. Most businesses attain information security through the institution of controls. Corporate governance rules require that the people running organizations, viz. the board of directors and top managers, institute controls and ensure they are working (Nnolim, 2007, p. 69). Information security is one of the core controls that managers need to employ. As a requirement by law, public companies need to appoint external auditors to undertake a thorough audit of the systems, operations and financial transactions of business and pass an opinion on the truth and fairness of the accounts and systems (Millichamp, 2011, p. 2). Most private companies are required to conduct external audits by important stakeholders such as banks. Information security falls under the core areas of statutory or external audits. This is governed by the Generally Accepted Accountancy Practice (GAAP) rules of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Apparently, there is a strong connection among information security, increment in information security risks which comes with the bridging of the digital divide, corporate governance and statutory audit. This paper will examine the role of information security professionals in controlling risks in a period of fast IT growth and the role of corporate governance and statutory audit in ensuring that those systems are working. In attaining this end, the following objectives will be met: This section will define the core concepts that are being reviewed in this study. This will set the framework for further analysis of the interconnectedness of the different concepts and how they work together to support organizations to keep running. According to Nnolim (2007, p. 4), ISO defines Information

The Best Way for Women to Survive Essay Example for Free

The Best Way for Women to Survive Essay â€Å"I hope that she’ll be a fool—that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool†, Daisy says in the book The Great Gatsby written by F.Scott Fitzerald (20). In her mind, to be foolish is the best way to survive in the 1920’s in America, an era when women are not treated as fairly as men. Based on Nick’s narration, Daisy is an extraordinarily charming, desirable, but careless and selfish character who is married to a wealthy and, powerful, young man named Tom Buchanan. Daisy breaks the promise with Gatsby, as a smart and subtle woman, who only concerns herself with her own benefits. However, she acts superficially as a poor fool since she always lives in her own illusion, and doesn’t know what is she really wants. When Daisy confronts a situation that she needs to make choices between things, she always runs away from them and prefers to keep everything unchanged and controlled, in order to get rid of the pressure, insecurity and conflicts in her deep inside. None but a fool would do such a thing since everyone knows that nothing lasts forever. To marry Tom is what Daisy has to do because she is tired of waiting, waiting for Gatsby to come back. She feels satisfied and secured when she decides to marry Tom. However, on the night before her wedding, Daisy pulls out â€Å"a string of pearls valued at three hundred and fifty thousand dollars†, and wants Jordan â€Å"tell’em all Daisy’s change her mine†, and she â€Å"cried and cried† (91, 92). Finally, â€Å"the pearls were around her neck and the incident was over† only â€Å"half an hour later† (92). After Daisy receives a letter from Gatsby, she does try to change her mind for Gatsby. However, this sudden letter breaks Daisy’s plan. Daisy can’t accept this change because she wants a steady life out of her illusion, which is in her control. As a result, she is married to Tom to finish what she plans to. After the marriage, even though Daisy suffers from the betrayal and abandonment from Tom, she still stays with him. She puts her real feelings away and walks into her â€Å"well-designed†Ã‚  illusory world. For instance, when Tom receives a call from his mistress, he goes inside to pick up the call without a world, Daisy then â€Å"suddenly threw her napkin on the table and excused herself and went into house† (17). In other words, Daisy clearly knows the affair of her husband. She just buries her miserable emotion inside and doesn’t complain. Moreover, on the day when Daisy’s daughter is born, Tom is â€Å"God knows where† (20). This implies one of the causes why Daisy feels â€Å"cynical† about everything and becomes more careless (19). It is torturing that her husband does not stay with her even on the day her daughter was born but what Daisy does is just turning away her head and weeping hopelessly. There is no doubt that Daisy understands her marriage is based on the money. She doesn’t gain happiness even though she gets her so called security and wealth from Tom. Ironically, she pretends that everything is going well and doesn’t face the problems in her life. Isn’t she a fool? Apparently, she just tries to obtain what would make her life easier, without realizing what she really wants. Daisy knows about her life as a certain way: calm and stable. Therefore, she would never choose Gatsby before she met Tom nor after her marriage. When Gatsby requires Daisy to tell Tom she never loves Tom, Daisy cried to Gatsby, â€Å"You want too much. I love you now—isn’t that enough?† (158). The word â€Å"cried† vividly exhibits how scared and nervous Daisy is at that time, which also reveals that she doesn’t even know how to deal with the problems that happens beyond her illusion. Additionally, she â€Å"sobs helplessly† and says to Gatsby, â€Å"I did love him once—but I loved you too† (159). To keep her marriage with Tom and affair with Gatsby at the same time definitely is a silly, bad idea, which foreshadows that Daisy would have chosen one of them eventually. What’s more, Daisy runs away with Tom after the car accident. After all Gatsby is the one who takes the blame of killing for Daisy, but she neither calls Gatsby nor goes to his funeral. Once again, from the beginning to the end, Daisy never thinks about to elope with Gatsby because she can’t accept the truth: the appearance of Gatsby is about to ruin her life which is supposed to be stable. Daisy realizes that she is living in her illusion, but she is still unwilling to face the truth. After struggling with the conflicts in her mind, she always chooses to escape from the reality. She gets what she wants from Tom, but at the expense of losing her morality and the ability and right of enjoying the true love and pursuing  what she wants. As a woman living in 1920s when women are tend to be ignored, Daisy’s destiny can be said as a misery, or tragedy. When Daisy is being lured to go away from husband and family by Gatsby, her marriage is put into the edge and, she is blamed for the affair. Being a product for which the men are fighting further emphasizes that, Daisy’s sadness and all her careless, foolish actions are resulted from the cruel society. From all of Daisy’s sufferings, it is not hard to understand that why she says she wants her daughter to be a little fool at the beginning of the book. Truly, only being a fool can she avoid herself from a ll the unnecessary problems. Work Cited Fitzgerald, F S. The Great Gatsby. 1st ed. Toronto, Ontario: HarperCollins Publishers Ltd, Print.

tupac :: essays research papers

You are here: Home > Free Papers Search For Papers... --->BiographiesBusinessLiteratureHealthHistoryMythologyPhilosophyPoliticsPsychologyReligionSciencesSocial IssuesTechnology----------------Custom Papers -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tupak Shakur / Tupac Shakur (a.k.a. 2pac) DOB: June 16, 1971 – Brooklyn, NY DOD: September 13, 1996 – Las Vegas, NY Height: 5’10 Weight: 168 Mother: Afeni Shakur Father: William Garland Step Father: Jeral Wayne Williams Half Sister: Sekyiwa Shakur Half Brother: Maurice Harding Godfather: Elmar â€Å"Geronimo† Pratt Music Group: One Nation Emcees, Two From The Crew, Strictly Dope, Digital Underground, Thug Life, Outlaw Immortalz/ Outlawz Aliases: MC New York, 2pac, Makeveli Martial Status: Divorced (Keisha Morris) & Engaged (Kidida) What does it take to be an icon of the 21st century? An icon is a symbol representing what a person did to be admired by many people and achieved many things rarely an ordinary person can do. I would consider Tupac to be an icon of the 21st century because he became a living symbol of his generations to many hip-hop and rap fans all over the world. He was the son of Afeni Shakur and Billy Garland. At his teens, his family moved to Baltimore, MD. He attended The Baltimore School for the Performing Arts and studied acting and ballet. At this school, the teachers had an impression of Tupac that he had an outstanding potential. Unfortunately, he had to move to Oakland, CA with his family and that was when he began to, as Tupac called it, â€Å"Hang with the wrong crowd.† As a true icon of the 21st century, Tupac had many great qualities and was very humble because he grew up in the poorest part of the city and he knew the feeling of being poor. After all of his success he never in any way try to flaunt about his wealth and that he showed strength not by money but by the words he sang and wrote. Tupac Shakur can be characterized as a rapper, an actor and a great personality. One of the greatest aspects that create Tupac is his great talent of being a great rapper. Baltimore was the city where Tupac really began getting into the art of emceeing. In Baltimore, at the age of fourteen, Tupac was known as MC New York. In California, he joined the rap group Digital Underground to learn the ropes of the hip-hop industry, and became the dancer for the crew. A year later, Tupac finally recorded a song with Digital Underground called, â€Å"Same Song.† Not long before the group received award-winning success, Tupac came out with his own album called, â€Å"2pacalypse Now†, which was also a success.

Islam and Freud

Lubna Rehman Freud’s Dream Interpretation in the Light of Islamic Dream Ideas Questions about dreams, about why do we have them and what do they mean are questions that have been a subject of debate for centuries. On the one hand we have scientists who believe that we dream for  physiological  reasons alone and that dreams are essentially mental nonsense devoid of psychological meaning: â€Å"A tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. † The idea that dreams are nothing more than â€Å"meaningless biology†. On the other hand we have a coalition of Freudians which includes Dr.Fleiss who found his dream interpretations â€Å"quite accurate† and other dream analyzers who committed to the view that we dream for  psychological  reasons and that dreams always contain important information about the self or some aspects of one's life which can be extracted by various methods of interpretation. This camp says that â€Å"an uninter preted dream is like an unopened letter. † The third camp is the one occupying the middle ground, that believes both of the extreme positions on the function and meaning of dreams to be partly right and partly wrong.Its proponents such as Alfred Adler argue that dreams may have both physiological and psychological determinants, and therefore can be either meaningful or meaningless, varying greatly in terms of psychological significance. Allan Hobson was also for a psychological meaning of dreams but he thought no need to lock it under layers of secretive subconscious meanings. The fourth and another important camp about dreams in the Muslim faith. In the Qur’an, as in the Jewish Torah and the Christian New Testament, dreams serve as a vital medium by which God communicates with humans.Dreams offer divine guidance and comfort, warn people of impending danger, and offer prophetic glimpses of the future, offer a valuable source of wisdom, understanding, and inspiration. Sa tan also plays a major role in dreams by bestowing dreams that cause grief or even purely sexual dreams (unlike Freud’s sexual ‘interpretation’) which requires the dreamer to take a bath. Trying to cover up the cultural chasm between Islamic and Western traditions, this paper is an attempt to highlight and contrast the Islamic and Freudian ideas of dream interpretation.The simple fact is that all humans dream, and thus dreaming itself is a bridging phenomenon between the two traditions. Freud thought that the function of dreams was to allow the release of repressed thoughts and impulses which cause excitation in neural activity. The only way that the wish could be subdued is by the release of the â€Å"nervous energy† that was caused by it. Also, Freud noted that â€Å"though the number of symbols is large, the number of subjects symbolized is not large. In dreams those pertaining to sexual life are the overwhelming majority†¦They represent the most primitive ideas and interests imaginable. † Therefore, the same â€Å"dream symbol† meant that they both had the same repressed wish. | Part of what made people skeptical about Freudian theories is this notion of universal dream symbolism. That is, if two people have the same visual imagery in a dream, is it the case that it has the same meaning? Some scientists dismiss the notion of  meaning  all together. | Allan Hobson and Robert McCarley, two Harvard University scientists stressed that the motivating force for dreaming is not  psychological  but  physiological.Muslims on the other hand have been paying close attention to their dreams for nearly 1500 years, and their insights and observations have many significant points of contact with the theories developed by Western psychologists over the past 150 years. With the very definition of who the Islamic interpreters of dreams are, Muslims can discard the very existence of Freud’s ideas. Sunnah says tha t the interpreters of dreams are either Prophets or their followers. Or else, they have to be good, pious and knowledgeable people who know the Quran, the sunnah, Arabic language and the culture and tradition of the people.Like Islam, even though Freud did look at the content, significance, purpose, the person, his people, state, job and livelihood; Freud limited his growth when he theorized that personality is developed by the person’s childhood experiences. He was always sure about his disbelief in religion. He actually envisaged that as the masses of people become further educated, they would ‘turn away’ from the ‘fairy tales of religion. ’   Carl Jung, a contemporary of Freud took an exception.He wrote, â€Å"Freud has unfortunately overlooked the fact that man has never yet been able singlehanded to hold his own against the powers of darkness — that is, of the unconscious. Man has always stood in need of the spiritual help which each i ndividual’s own religion held out to him. † Jung agrees with Freud that dreams may look backward to past experiences, but he argues that dreams also look forward to anticipate what the dreamer's future developments may be . Jung did not mean that dreams predict the future, only that dreams can suggest what might happen, what possibilities the future might hold.Hence, Carl Jung, a totally opposite pole of Freud and a non-deliberate support to Islam, believes in the â€Å"religious man† unlike to Freud who believed in the â€Å"psychological man†. Freud’s perception of dreams seems so much influenced by secularism and so he seems to approach dreams from a materialistic point of view. To him, unlike Islam, dreams represent purely material meanings and the characteristics of dream life are a disconnected activity of separated organs or groups of cells in a sleeping mind. Freud took dreams to be like phobias and obsessions.He classified dreams into wishf ul thinking, being aggressive or sexual and considered most of the symbols that appear in dreams to be sexual which represent the male or female sexual organs. As can be seen in the book â€Å"Interpretation of Dreams†, all kind of playing, slipping, breaking branches etc were all symbols of masturbation according to him and breaking of teeth was something symbolic to castration. He observed that these symbols are â€Å"a sort of substitute for the thought process, full of meaning and emotion†. Where he interprets a lock and key to be a sexual act, the Hadith interprets it to be a symbol of wealth, power and authority.Where he thinks of a knot to be another sexual act, a knot according to Islamic dream interpretation symbolizes grief. Unfastening of the knot symbolizes a freedom from grief. So, even though one can agree with him that these symbols carry a lot of meanings but one can also disagree with him on the kind of the meaning that they carry. It is not always tru e that all the dream symbols would carry the same message of aggressiveness and sexuality. Looking at our normal life and the dreams that we get from time to time it is not true that all of them fall under these categories as Freud claims.Some dreams reveal more important messages to an individual or to society. Logically speaking, human beings are different and so they think differently, therefore, even their dreams, which may be representing another world of creation, must be of different kinds and each dream by necessity must have a different message that it carries. Therefore, Freud’s allegation that most dreams are sexual is not acceptable. Nevertheless, his division of dreams into simple and complex is acceptable. Islam’s disagreement with him lies in, among other things, the way he describes the simple dreams, which he called â€Å"wish ulfillments category†. In his words he elaborated this category by saying â€Å"these are connected with day time life. The wishes, which are fulfilled in them, are carried over from daytime and as a rule from the day before, and in waking life they have been accompanied by intense emotion†. It is also not true that all the simple dreams are carried over from daytime and it therefore follows that not all of them are wish fulfillments of a dreamer. Furthermore, his rule of such dreams coming from the day preceding the dream is also not true to all the dreams of this kind.An example to illustrate this will be of a dream analyst who was sent to Africa on a government mission. He confirmed that as much as he wished in his trip to East Africa to have a dream on Africans, he was not successful in the period of some months he spent with them. In Islam dreams are taken to be of great significance. They are not merely a matter of wild recollections of one’s activities in his alertness that may resurface to someone in his sleep; rather they are a form of connection of the soul in its spirituality with the other unseen world.This can be easily observed in our daily activities or even in something as least-considered as clothes which do have spiritual connotations. For example a woman wearing silk clothes in her dream implies her getting married, acquiring wealth or even a ceremony of some forthcoming mourning. This clearly proves how dreams, as against Freud’s theory, do have religious and not just materialistic links. In Surah Al-Ana’m, the Holy Quran says, â€Å"He is the One who takes up your souls at night, and knows what you earned during the day, then raises you from it (sleep), so as to complete the time fixed (for you to live)†.Surah Al-Zumr says, â€Å"God captures the souls at the time of death as well as those whose time has not yet arrived, in sleep. Then He keeps back those whose death has been decreed and sends back for an appointed time, the others†. Hence, in disagreement with Freud, Islam sees a complete connection with God while dreaming. Where in Islam the dream is related to the truthfulness of the dreamer, Freud’s theory proves it to be the preceding day’s affair; where Freud believed dreams to only gratify unconscious desires and longings, Islam showcases them as a glimpse into the future, a hint or sometimes even a warning.Being irreligious, and especially a non-Muslim, Freud did very little for the dream-theory propounded by different religions. Though his â€Å"Interpretation of Dreams† presents an unprejudiced and almost unerring analysis of dreams, it includes only a few types of dreams. It gives us a mixture of different kinds of fallacious dreams while totally ignores the veracious dreams because veracious dreams have almost nothing to do with one’s psyche; and were, therefore, totally unknown to psychologists like Freud.Also, since the future is more important than the past of a dreamer, he would definitely prefer Islamic Hermeneutics in order to know about his future . Where Freudian Hermeneutics is the product of the researches/studies of one individual, in the Western context, in the ‘Modern’ post-Renaissance period; Islamic Hermeneutics represents a divinely revealed system incorporating the entire structure of human existence in this world and the next, which is in itself detailed, complete and traditionally active since many centuries in various parts of the Islamic world.

Free Trade and Poor Countries

Why free trade is in the interest of the world’s poorest countries Free trade has been a much discussed topic since the 1770s, when Adam Smith presented his theory on trade and absolute advantages. Most sources argue that free trade will benefit the poor nations in the long run (Anderson et al. 2011; Bussolo et al. 2011; Madely 2000; Winters et al. , 2004). How-ever, the size of the benefits will vary in terms of which trade reforms are made, who the poor are, and how they support themselves (Winters et al. 2004).The purpose of this paper is to discuss why and how free trade is in the interest of the world’s poorest countries. The essay will commence by a description of the traditional trade theories, followed by a discussion of the advantages and the im-pact free trade has on the poorest nations including different theories and findings. There are two classic elements in the definition of trade. The first is Adam Smith’s rule of ‘mutual gain’, asses sing that for two countries trading with each other both must gain.Furthermore Adam Smith argues that trade is based on ‘absolute advantages’, which means that free trade will benefit all nations, if they specialise in producing the goods in which they are most efficient. The countries will then be able to produce at a lower price and trade the surplus for goods where they are less effective. This will allocate the world’s resources in the best possible way (Dunkley 1997; Irwin 2002; Madely 2000; Smith 1776) The second element to trade is Ricardo’s (1817) argument that trade and specialisation is based on ‘comparative advantages’.If one country has the absolute advantages in all goods com-pared to another country both nations can still benefit from trading. The country with the absolute disadvantage should specialise in producing the goods in which the absolute disadvantage is small-est and then import the goods in which the absolute disadvant age is largest. In the perspective of comparative advantages, freeing up trade would give the developing countries a chance to specialise in the production of primary goods and export the surplus to the developed countries in exchange of e. g. industrial goods (Salvatore 2012).However, some sources argue that when the trading is between a poor country trading primary goods and a rich country trading industrial goods the latter will benefit the most, because the poor country will have to export more in order to import a similar amount (Madely 2000). In contrast, Samuelson (1939) argues that any kind of trade is better than no trade and Salvatore (2012) concludes that developing countries should continue trading as long as they gain. The capital they get from the trade should be used to improve their technology, which will change their comparative advantages from primary goods to more refined goods.This is supported by Winters et al. (2004) who point out that connection be-tween the l iberalisation of trade and growth have not yet been completely proven, however there is no proof that trade should be harmful to growth. Moreover, barriers of free trade are not the only factor causing poverty; wars, corruption, diseases, and natural disasters are just a few internal fac-tors that keep the poor countries in poverty (Salvatore 2012). Another argument for free trade is that it would utilise the developing countries unutilised resources, caused by the insufficient national demand, more efficient.Free trade would give productions in developing countries a chance to sell their surplus on a greater market and with this give the developing countries a vent for their surplus (Salvatore 2012). Furthermore, free trade would increase the efficiency of domestic producers in order for them to compete with foreign companies. In addition, the expanding of the market size would form a basis for division of labour and economies of scale (Salvatore 2012). Advocates of free trade argu e that free trade will maximise the world’s welfare (Bussolo et al. 2011).This is supported by the theory of imposing tariffs in small and large countries (Salvatore 2012). A small country is defined as a country where changes in the domestic market would not affect the international market price and a large country is defined as a country where changes would affect the international market prices (Salvatore 2012). If a small country imposes import tariffs they will experience an overall loss in welfare, because of deadweight loss which is caused by inefficiency in domestic production. If a large country imposes tariffs they will xperience an improvement in welfare because they are able to affect the international market price, the producer’s surplus rise and the government’s revenue increases (Salvatore 2012). However, gains from tariffs are often only short term; when a large country imposes tariffs their trading partners probably will too. This will result in reduced traded volume, which in the long term will cause a decrease in world welfare. Madely (2000) argues that free trade, historically, has raised the welfare of many nations, however, but not for the poorest nations.He claims that free trade mostly benefits the multinational companies, because the rise of food import has forced the smaller farmers to sell their land to the larger companies. Furthermore, the multinational companies do not have any commitment or loyalty to the country in which they are active, which means that the poorest stay poor. In contrast Dollar (2005) claims, that the fast growth and reduction of poverty has been strongest in the developing countries that have included themselves in the world economy most rapidly.Furthermore, Salvatore (2012) states that trade will move new technologies, ideas, and managing skills from the developed countries to the developing countries. So even though multinational companies are taking over the small farmer’s land t hey still provide the producing country with new knowledge and tools that can help the country develop new comparative advantages. Winters et al. (2004) claim, that freeing up trade is one of the easiest ways to reduce poverty.Agricultural trade reforms would have the largest and most positive impact on poverty, because three-quarters of the world’s poorest people still hinge on farming as their main source of income (Anderson et al. 2011). Furthermore, the poor countries also often have a large number of unskilled workers, which give the poor nations a comparative advantage in exporting labour-intensive goods (Bhagwati & Srinivasan 2002). This paper determines that free trade overall would be in the interest of the poorest countries. Free trade will increase the global welfare and help the poor countries develop their comparative ad-vantages.Multinational companies’ investments in the poor countries will result in moving of tech-nology, ideas and skills. However, theo ry is not always consistent with practice, why it is important to examine the different perspectives in each case. Abolishing the world’s trade tariffs would indeed help the world’s poorest countries access a greater market to sell their goods, however, freeing up trade alone would not completely eliminate poverty; wars, diseases, corruption, and catastrophes are also strong influential factors of poverty.

west wing essays

west wing essays April 21sts episode of West Wing had many different topics and stories playing side by side simultaneously. Of the many running stories, there were three that played the largest role and had the most significance in the show. All three of the major stories ran simultaneously so there is no particular order in which I will summarize them. The first issue in The West Wing was the issue of the FCC regarding large corporations monopolizing the media by buying large chunks of air time, thus having the power to sway peoples decisions on important events like elections and so forth. The main character who was investigating the matter found out that the years before it was illegal for large companies to buy a majority of air time, and now, for this year they have made it so that no single company can have share larger than 39.7%. This number is relevant because the year before a large company had had that exact number and the FCC accommodated for that company so they do not fall into trouble; thus there is some kind of corruption in the FCC regarding the media and monopolies. At the end of the show it looked like the main advocate of the show who was after the truth of the FCC media scandal was going to call a white house press meeting to address the issue. The next important issue in The West Wing is the issue with outsourcing American jobs to India. The character who was the lead in this plot was not too comfortable with the contract that was going to be made even though he was in charge of getting it set up. When a group of the characters are in a room discussing this issue they all say simultaneously say Free trade creates better paying jobs. This quote is relevant in that there idea of how the economy should work is that in the long run, it will be better if America outsources middle-class jobs, computer programming in particular, because we get the information we n ...

Seminar in Global Supply Chain Management Essay Example

Seminar in Global Supply Chain Management Essay Example Seminar in Global Supply Chain Management Essay Seminar in Global Supply Chain Management Essay This paper was done to cover the DDBA-8510-1 Seminar Global Supply Chain Management final seminar research paper. Supply chain management, is the active management of supply chain activities to maximize customer value and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. It represents a conscious effort by the supply chain firms to develop and run supply chains in the most effective amp; efficient ways possible (Handfield, 2011). Global Supply Chain Management involves a business or a company’s worldwide interests and suppliers rather than simply a local or national orientation. Companies have used enhanced technological advancement to improve their global supply chain. There are various advantages and disadvantages of global supply chain. Increasing globalization and companies willing to market and do business globally are facing some issues in regard to effective business productivity. With an increase in technology and most company going global for price reduction supplier relationships and management has been essential to productivity. Supplier relationships and management has a vital impact on the future direction of global supply chain management research. This paper analysis and explores global supply chain management and supplier relationships. Global Supply Chain Management Supply Chain Management includes all the activities that must take place to get the right product into the right consumer’s hands in the right quantity and at the right time – from raw materials extraction to consumer purchase. SCM focuses on planning and forecasting, purchasing, product assembly, moving, storage, distribution, sales and customer service (Texas Aamp;M University, 2013). Global Supply Chain Management involves a business or a company’s worldwide interests and suppliers rather than simply a local or national orientation. Global supply chain management involves various amounts of interaction between different companies in various countries. Global supply chain originated when companies migrated to looking for expensive part and labor globally for effective cost savings. The mean focus of companies participating in global supply chain management is cost. Companies focus on cost because it is a primary factor of dealing with local or overseas suppliers. According to Epiqtech (2012) while local labor cost may be significantly lower, companies must also focus on the costs of space, tariffs, and other expenses related to doing business overseas. In regard to cost, time is also an issue and factor when dealing with global supply chain management. The productivity of employees’ overseas and rickety shipping times can cause a negative or positive affect on the company’s lead time into product production. Effective supplier selection is also essential to global supply chain. According to Texas Aamp;M University (2013) for efficient supply chain management companies must make decisions about the number of suppliers to use. Fewer supplies may be easier to manage but could also lead to potential problems if one vendor is unable to deliver as expected or if one vendor tries to leverage its supply power to obtain price concessions. The main factors of company’s transformation to a global supply chain as we know is having external supplier globally to enhance supplier’s diversity which reduces cost and increase revenue while improving reliability. According to Nahla (2003) manufacturers typically set up foreign factories to benefits from tariff and trade concessions, low cost direct labor, capital subsidies, and reduced logistics cost in foreign markets. Companies have used enhanced technological advancement to improve their global supply chain. According to Nahla (2013) global supply chain management trend is evolving as new technologies emerge. Instead of vendors mailing their products and assuring its delivery, companies are now able to track the products exact location through GPS tracking devices. These devices are imperative for global supply chains. The farther the goods are from the final endpoint, the riskier its arrival. Before RFID scans, supply chain managers took inventory weekly or monthly to track sales and supplies. Now, many companies like Wal-Mart track their products with RFID technology. The RFID readers’ purpose is to cross-examine RFID. Advantages and Disadvantages of GSCM Some advantages of global supply chain management for businesses are to increase profit and sales, globalization increases sales because various market options are open, reduces the pressure of relying on local business, competitive advantage, enhance speed and efficiency, product cycle time reduction, and lowers supply chain cost. Some disadvantages of going global in regard to supply chain management is investment of money, time and resources, supplier selection and relationships can become very challenge. The norm disadvantage is as companies go global cooperating within groups and organizations could be very challenge. With cultural barriers, foreign tax laws and regulations companies going global should understand it may take years for supply chain to gain rewards and increase sales. According to Nahla (2013) the greatest benefits of global supply chain management are 1. As opposed to a poorly organized supply chain a global supply is extremely competitive and so you can obtain a really good price for supplies that will all be produced to excellent standards, without even having to search widely; 2. If you have sufficient contacts and suppliers internationally, then you can really reduce the amount of stock that you have to retain, which means that you will save costs in terms of storage/thefts/transporting goods etc; 3 The global supply chain really does operate on a 24/7 basis, simply because of the time differences in different countries; and 3. One of the most interesting factors of the global supply chain is that we can learn from others! Business is done differently in different parts of the world and we are able to learn new ways of doing business, new production methods and new distribution methods, if we keep an open mind and have a willingness to learn. Emerging Issues in GSCM Current challenges in the global supply chain are sustainable supply chain, resiliency in supply chain, shift toward multilocal operations, increase uncertainty and volatility, increased complexity, extended lead time, unnecessary cost, risk management, improved responsiveness, and integrated and empowered supply chain. Increase complexity; in coming year’s complexity of supply chains are predicted to grow, companies are expected to maximize complexity in locations of customers and product variations and decrease number of supplier and manufacturing locations. Extended lead times; company lead times are now highly effected by extended shipping times and foreign employee production. Unnecessary cost; reason companies are bearing unnecessary cost are poor infrastructure, inefficient stocking practices, inefficient transportation and poor monitoring of currency exchange rates. Risk management; supply chain risk consist of environment, process, culture, legal, political, demand, control, and supply risk which needs to be high maintain and controlled for effective production. Sustainability; key sustainability issues facing the global supply chain are working conditions, low wages, human rights, child labor, ethics, recycling, waste, air pollution and environmental green issues (Irshad, Lee, 2012). According to Irshad and Lee ( 2012) supply chains are shifting toward multilocal operations for balancing the trade-off in designs of supply and demand for local responsiveness and global economies of scale leading organizations are in favor of multilocal design, supply and support and furthermore companies are moving from a centralized model, towards a regionalized approach. Current Dilemma GSCM According to Industry Week (2013) many U. S. manufacturers are experiencing talent shortages in part because of an aging baby boomer generation that has begun its exodus from the U. S. workforce. In contrast to this issue there is a lack of students aspired to work in manufacturing. The loss of older knowledge employees and lack of manufacturing students enrolling in the manufacture field will cost major dilemma in companies supply chain management in the upcoming future. Another dilemma in GSCM is ethics. Ethic in the supply chain is essential when keeping track of supplier’s compliance history, selecting suppliers, assigning management to manage supplier relationships. According to Industry Week (2013) ethical challenges in the supply chain represent a huge issue impacting a company’s market share, based in part on customers’ perceptions of a product’s integrity and thus affect revenue. Important Issues GSCM Increasing globalization and companies willing to market and do business globally are facing some issues in regard to effective business productivity. According to Advance Distribution Services (2013) even though most companies do realize that better supply chain management can benefit their bottom line, too many of them are leery about pursing modernization and efficiency fully. Report shows that companies that have managed and adapted to supply chain innovations have been lowering cost and increasing profits by millions. The top 5 organizations with the best global supply chain are McDonald’s, Amazon, Apple, Pamp;G, and Dell. All four of these companies are effective in their global supply chain because they have implemented and focused on supply chain integration of product design, end to end approaches for managing its supply chain, effective customization, used cloud computing technological supply chain advancement, and all 5 companies focused on total supply chain cost and management. Research Topic (Suppliers Relationships) Background Supplier Relation Management (SRM) is the discipline of strategically planning for and managing, all interactions with third party organization that supply goods and/or services to an organization in order to maximize the value of those interactions. In practice, SRM entails creating closer, more collaborative relationships with key suppliers in order to uncover and realize new value and reduce risk (Esourcing. com, 2012). Most businesses and organizations usually address the idea that in dealing with suppliers and customers the best types of relationships are arm lengths. The closer your relationships are to your customers and suppliers the more control of your operations and business you have. Integrating a exemplary supplier relationship through partnerships, similar values, and trust leads to effective cooperation and product productivity. The relationships between suppliers are essential to any organization. According to Ameifo. com (2004) suppliers can directly impact the financial performance and profitability of a buying enterprise, as they influence product development cost, manufacturing schedules, inventory levels, and the timelines of delivery of goods and services. During the supply chain management process supplier relationships are essential to the buying organization during the production development process. If parts, materials, or services cannot meet required design deadline of production then the production process is usually tarnished and repeated. The six levels of supplier relationships through effective partnering are conduct joint improvement activities, share information intensively by selectively, develop supplier’s technical capabilities, supervise your suppliers, turn supplier rivalry into opportunity and finally understand how your supplier work. In order to incorporate a sustainable supply chain building strong relationships with partners and suppliers is essential to business operation globally. Strong lasting relationship with supplier on the global supply chain scale must focus on open communications consistent processes and requirements. Figure 1 shows the financial value scale of effective supplier relationship. From the diagram you can concur that financial value goes up when basic, core, strategic suppliers are in unison. Financial Value Scale of Effective Supplier Relationship: Figure 1: financial value scale of effective supplier relationship Supplier Relationship Areas of Debate Two current theories and debates hunting supplier relationships are, can companies answer the two questions; effective supplier relationship management can provide step change impact to a business or cannot provide step change impact to a business. The main factor in regard to the current debate is the key strategies of supplier selection that builds trust and maximizes value for companies. Theory proves that sustaining relationship with supplier goes further than management. If companies focus on supplier relationship through proper implementation it can provides essential competitive advantage. According to 4C Associates (2013) there are several reasons for the gap between the actual and theoretical benefits of SRM. Firstly it is difficult to reconcile the conflicting goals of two organizations. This is further complicated by the complex structure which frames many businesses. However, the key setback for the implementation of an effective SRM program remains the need for long term investment and the challenge of demonstrating tangible benefits. Suppliers Relationship, Management Technology Impact. Technology and innovations has really impacted supplier’s relationships in regard to SRM. In recent years companies have really moved to more technological advanced strategies and software to manage supplier relationships. Companies are investing significant resources in managing suppliers and the use of supplier relationship software is becoming more common place. Supply chain managers are increasingly using the web to collaborate and to communicate with supply chain partners (The Supply Chain Lab, 2009). All industries with supply chains operations will be affected and impacted by technological advancement in SRM. Companies need to evaluate if future suppliers meet their core standards, because with advance technology supplier selection is not just restricted to procurement departments in organizations. The impact of technology has a positive impact on SRM and this impact can be maximized by strategic implementation of effective SRM innovations. For maximization companies must act consistently act with a relationship mindset? Cloud technology has evolved and is changing how business is being done today. Cloud computing is design to and is changing the way companies use technology to service its suppliers and partners. CloudSRM is a cloud system build for supplier relationship management. In Figure 2 the CloudSRM program is described more detailed. The program evaluates supplier performance, collaborates between supplier and buyers through document sharing. The technological cloud system has proven to improve operational performance and produced procurement savings. Figure 2: CloudSRM integrates ERP applications (csc. com, 2013) Supplier Relationship and Management (Future Directions) One of the key advantages of supplier relationship is cost reduction. Cost reduction is essential to any organization. I believe an area for further research in this topic that would be beneficial is focusing on relationships to enhance cost reduction and better collaboration in the supply chain process. According to The Supply Chain Lab (2009) ccompanies should work together to solve supply chain problems and learn from one another. Better collaboration and communication will lead to increased sales. Improved collaboration can also lead to better demand planning and route scheduling. In regard to supply chain management global technology enhancement is orcing companies to require supplies that are result orientated. Another area of further research is organizations outsourcing to unknown countries. According to The Supply Chain Lab (2009) many companies have been burned when outsourcing manufacturing to countries such as India and China. Management practices that worked in one country are not necessarily going to work in another country and companies need to change the way they think and work in other markets. Supplier relationships and management has a vital impact on the future direction of global supply chain management research. According to Lambert (2008) Customer relationship management and supplier relationship management provide the critical linkage throughout the supply chain. For each supplier in the supply chain, the ultimate measure of success for the customer relationship management process is the change in profitability of an individual customer or segment of customers. Conclusion As analyzed in the above contexts supplier relationships and management has a vital impact on the future direction of global supply chain management research. Global supply chain originated when companies migrated to looking of expensive part and labor globally for effective cost savings. Integrating a exemplary supplier relationship through partnerships, similar values, and trust leads to effective cooperation and product productivity in organization going global, in regard to supply chain management.